基于DEA模型的高技术产业R&D效率评价

作为创新的"孵化器",高技术产业的RD效率问题至关重要。从区域与行业交叉的视角出发,选取RD活动人员折合全时当量和RD经费内部支出作为投入指标,有效发明专利数和新产品销售收入作为产出指标,运用DEA模型研究了中国高技术产业5个行业在17个省市的RD活动效率,运用层次聚类分析对17个省市加以聚类。研究结果表明:中国高技术产业RD效率普遍偏低,没有任何一个省市的5个高技术产业均处于较高的RD效率上;区域间发展很不平衡,高技术产业行业差异比较明显;个别省市的5个高技术产业的RD效率都很低;传统"创新"大省RD效率并不突出,存在严重的资源浪费。针对存在的问题,从追求效率、追求精益、协同发展和加强政策引导等方面提出了对策与建议。

Evaluation on the R&D efficiency of high-tech industries based on DEA model

As the incubator of innovation, it is very important of R&D efficiency to high-tech industries. From the cross perspective of regional and industry, R&D activity equivalent to full-time equivalent staff and intramural R&D expenditure are selected as input indicators, and number of valid patents and new product sales revenue are selected as output indicators. The R&D efficiency of 5 high-tech industries in 17 provinces is calculated based on DEA model and clustered based on cluster analysis. The results show that there are some problems in R&D of high-tech industry in China.Firstly, the R&D efficiency of high-tech industries is generally low, and none of the five provincial high-tech industries in 17 provinces is at a higher R&D efficiency. Secondly, regional development is unbalanced and high-tech industry sector differences are obvious in 17 provinces. Thirdly, the R&D efficiency of all high-tech industries in a few provinces is all very low. Lastly, the R&D efficiency of high-tech industries of traditional innovation provinces is not outstanding, and resources waste is seriously. In view of the existing problems, some countermeasures and suggestions are proposed, such as pursuing efficiency, pursuing lean, collaborative development and strengthening policy guidance.