全金属定向宽波束L波段干扰机天线阵列设计

为了提升干扰机天线的功率容量、工作带宽和方位辐射覆盖角度，分析归纳了地面设备对空中目标的卫星导航干扰天线设计需求，提出采用顶端加载折叠、加载金属背板的单极子天线作为阵元，设计了1×4线形排列的天线阵列。采用HFSS有限元仿真分析该天线阵列的性能指标，通过观察S参数中S₁₁随天线各调谐参数的变化，进行优化设计分析。结果表明：天线的输入参数对于结构参数变化均会产生一定的影响，但大多数参数的变化对整个带宽的影响并不是很大，而天线距离底板较近则会产生新的频点；提出的天线阵列经过优化后，方位角宽度为158°,俯仰角宽度为26°,最大增益达到9.4 dB,能够实现宽频段、宽角度的定向集中辐射。所设计的全金属宽波束L波段干扰机天线阵列具备结构简单、小型化的特点，十分适合地面卫星导航干扰机天线应用，可为低慢小无人机的一体化干扰天线设计提供借鉴。

Design of all-metal directional wide-beam L-band jammer antenna array

In order to improve the power capacity, working bandwidth and azimuth radiation coverage angle of the jammer antenna, the design requirements of the satellite navigation jamming antenna for ground equipment to air targets were analyzed and summarized, and a monopole antenna with a top-loaded fold and a metal backplate was proposed as the unit, to form a 1×4 linear antenna array. The finite element simulation analysis of the antenna array performance was carried out by HFSS. The S11 in the S parameter was observed with the change of the key structural parameters of the antenna, to analyze and optimize the antenna design. The results show that the input parameters of the antenna will produce certain changes with the changes in structural parameters, but the impact of most parameters changes on the entire bandwidth is not significant and it will generate new frequency points due to the closer distance between the antenna and the base plate. After optimization, the proposed antenna array has an azimuth width of 158°, a pitch width of 26°, and a maximum gain of 94 dB, which can achieve wide-band, wide-angle directional concentrated radiation. It can realize concentrated radiation of energy in a wide frequency band and wide angle, and has a simple all-metal structure. It is very suitable for ground satellite navigation jammer antenna application and can provide reference for further improving of integrated jamming antenna design for low-slow-small UAV.