石家庄市灰霾天气变化规律研究

以研究石家庄市灰霾天气的变化规律及成因为目的,为石家庄市灰霾天气的防治提供技术支持,根据石家庄市2011年气象局的观测资料以及石家庄市环境监测中心梯度站污染物浓度的监测资料,对灰霾天气与气象条件以及污染物浓度的关系进行了分析。结果表明,石家庄市灰霾天气日数的年代际变化非常明显,20世纪60年代初是灰霾日数最少期,80年代和90年代是灰霾日数急剧上升期,2000年以后灰霾日数有所下降。灰霾天气季节变化很明显,呈现出秋、冬季多(分别占全年的20.5%和53.5%),春、夏季少(分别占全年的15.2%和10.8%)的分布特征。静风、小风,低湿度以及连续的不降雨是造成灰霾天气的重要因素。石家庄市SO2,NOx,PM2.5和PM10浓度的变化与灰霾日的变化有很好的一致性(相关系数分别为78.4%,70.9%,77.3%和73.8%),灰霾日污染物浓度均明显高于非灰霾日,一年四季中以冬季灰霾日污染物浓度最高,秋季次之,夏季最低。

Research of haze change regularity in Shijiazhuang City

In order to analyze haze change regularity and the origin of the haze weather and provide technical support for its prevention,the correlation between the haze and meteorological condition and pollutants concentration are discussed based on the surface meteorological observation data and the pollutants concentration monitoring data from the step station of Shijiazhuang environmental monitoring center.It is proved that the haze days during the 1960 sis minimal;the haze days rises sharply during the initial stages for reform and opening-up and the 1990s;the haze days obviously decreases after the 2000 s.The haze occurs more frequently in autumn(20.5%)and winter(53.5%),and less in spring(15.2%)and summer(10.8%).Quiet wind,lower humidity and continuous no-rain days are the important causes of the haze.The mass concentration change regularity of SO2,NOx,PM2.5and PM10(the correlation coefficients are 78.4%,70.9%,77.3% and 73.8%,respectively)is coherence with the haze days of Shijiazhuang City.Their mass concentration is obviously higher in haze days than in the normal days.Their mass concentration is highest in winter,lower in autumn and lowest in summer.