欠发达农村生态治理创新--以甘肃为例

综合人口结构、民族分布、地理环境来看,甘肃的生态屏障战略地位凸显.老庄、孔孟等先贤奠定了生态治理的思想基础,之后与时俱进地变迁,政府的践行力度也持续强化,然而现实农村生态情况不容乐观,甘肃的形势也十分严峻.从公共治理理论出发,主要有三个方面的深层动因：企业逐利罔顾其他,政府绩效考核缺陷,农户人为加剧破坏.新农村生态治理亟待创新：以地方政府为主导力量、以乡镇企业为重点客体、以社会组织为桥梁纽带、以个体农户为核心依靠,综合多种手段统筹保护、恢复、建设,实现生态、经济、社会三维效益的整体优化.

Rural Ecological Governance Innovation in Underdeveloped Areas--Taking Gansu Province as an Example

Integrating the population structure, the ethnic distribution and the geographical environment, Gansu has a strategic position in thenational scope being an ecological barrier. Ancient sages like Lao-tzu, Chuang-tzu, Confucius and Mencius had established the ideologicalfoundation for the ecological governance, after then it has been evolving with the times; governments also continue to strengthen the practice.However, rural ecology is far away from being satisfied with local environmental deterioration and little overall improvement. The situation isGansu is grim too. From the view of public governance theory, there are three main deep reasons： enterprises try to maximize economic interests atthe expense of environmental protection, performance evaluation system is lack of incentives for long-term ecological governance and farmers＂living habits exacerbate the ecological destruction. The new rural ecological governance need to be innovated that local government should becomethe leading force with township enterprise as key objects; farmer should become the core to be relied on with social organization acting as a bridge;overall plans including protection, restoration and construction of ecology, market adjustment, legal regulation, administrative control, valueguidance, technical assistance and others should be taken to obtain the whole optimization of ecological benefits, economic and social benefits.