关系契约与企业网络转型

关系契约是企业网络形成和运行的微观基础，它有两条形成途径：一是由专用性资产而形成的双方依赖．二是动用个体社会资本而锁定双方的关系。相应地，企业网络可分为契约型和关系型两大类。关系型企业网络是中国转型经济的特征，家族企业及其网络的发展和寻租性企业网络的大量出现是转型期的必然现象。关系型企业网络产生的根本原因是中国独特的家族文化。经济转型要求企业网络从关系型向契约型转变，实质就是从关系治理向契约治理的转变。为此，必须从产权和日常管理方面加强对家族企业和国有仓、止的管理。尤其要着力培育宏观社会资本．

Relational Contract and Business Networks' Transition

A relational contract,which is considered as the micro foundation of business networks' formation and their operation,can be formed by two ways,one is asset specificity facilitating bilateral dependence and the other is individual social capital locking both parties in.Accordingly,business networks can be divided into two types: a contractual one and a relational one.Relational business networks characterize a transitional economy.It is an inevitable fact that the development of Chinese family business and its networks,and emergence of many rent-seeking business networks appear in Chinese economy transitional period.The fundamental reason why relational business networks appear lies in Chinese characteristic family culture.Business networks' transition from the relational type to the contractual type,which its essence is the transformation from relational governance to contractual governance,is needed by Chinese economic transition.Thus it is necessary to clarify property rights,enhance routine management on family business and state-owned enterprises,and emphasize on cultivating macro social capital.