高技术在中国产业发展中的地位和作用

在资源和能力有限的条件下，对传统技术和高技术进行选择，是关系发展中国家产业发展前途的重大战略问题。西方产业向中国的转移和西方产业技术向中国的扩散，是现阶段中国产业发展和产业技术进步的主要内容。在中国已经经历了20多年的持续快速增长的今天，各类产业(无论是成熟产业还是新兴产业)都面临着技术进步的艰巨任务。在现行世界经济体系中，高技术的高附加值利益将得到更大的强化；传统技术和传统产业的规模竞争和利润摊薄，使得其附加价值趋向降低；而高技术产业的高增长和高附加值(垄断利润)倾向则将长期保持。在中国现阶段的工业化进程中，一方面，需要发展高技术产业以拓展产业空间；而在这一过程中，高技术产业链的分解以及各产业间的融合，使得中国在整体工业技术水平不高的条件下也能在高技术产业领域中获得很大的发展空间；另一方面，要实现高技术同传统产业的结合，将高科技注入传统产业，以提高传统产业的竞争力，使得高技术的运用成为推动传统产业发展的重要力量。因此，买技术、换技术、学技术和开发自主知识产权的技术，在中国工业化过程中以及高技术产业的发展过程中都具有重要的意义。在现阶段，中国高技术产业的发展既要力争有所突破，也要做到量力而行。尤其是要通过科技资源配置体制的改革，形成高技术产业发展有效的市场竞争秩序，以促进高技术产业的长期持续发展。

The Position and Role of High-tech in China's Industrial Development

Under the limited resource and ability, the choice of traditional and high technologies is a strategic issue for developing countries. Industries in west countries transformed into China and their technologies spread over China are main methods to develop China's industry and technology progress in current period. China today as over 20 years of fast growth, various industries including mature and rising industries are all facing task of technology progress. Under the structure of world economic system, the benefit of value-added from high-tech is enlarging; scale competition and decrease of profit-sharing in traditional industries made value-added to be declining; while the trend of high growth and high value-added (monopoly profit) will keep a long period. During the process of China's industrialization, on one hand, it is necessary to develop high-tech in order to expand the space of industries, during the process, breaking down high-tech industrial chain and blending various industries make China be able to obtain a large space for developing in the area of high-tech industries under the condition of low technology in China's comprehensive industry. On the other hand, it is necessary to realize combination with high-tech and traditional industries, pouring high-tech into traditional industries in order to improve competition of traditional industries and make an important role of promoting the development of traditional industries. Therefore, to buy, exchange, learn and develop technology are tremendous force during the process of China's industrialization and high-tech. Currently, the development of high-tech industries is not only to make great efforts to break through but also to do what one is capable. Especially through the reform of allocation system of high-tech resources, China should build market competition order for the development of high-tech industries in order to improve sustainable development of high-tech industries.