地方保护与市场分割:来自中国的经验数据

在中国市场上，存在促进分割和促进融合的两种因素，地方保护主义程度的变化趋势，取决于这两种力量的对比。本文首先简要对国内研究地方保护主义的多种测量方法进行综述．然后运用国际上测量综合贸易壁垒的“边界效应”方法对中国的贸易壁垒分地区分行业进行实证分析。研究表明，根据边界效应方法．1997年中国地方保护相当于欧洲统一大市场内部独立国家之间的情况；具体地，在八个行业部门中，农业保护最为严重。商业运输业其次，紧接着是轻工业、采选业、重工业等。这表明国内市场一体化还很不完善．其中第一、三产业保护较重，第二产业相对较轻。因此有必要针对不同行业特点制定和谐的贸易体制，加快国内市场一体化建设．以保证我国“十一五”期间经济全面协调发展．

Local Protectionism and Market Fragmentation: An Experience Study in China

In Chinese market,there are two factors that will improve market fragmentation and integration,and the degree of local protectionism relies on the effect of the two factors.In this paper,some methods to measure the degree of the local protectionism are reviewed.Then border effect analysis is applied to measure the degree of domestic trade protection in different areas and industries in China.Using this method,some conclusions are drawn:firstly,the degree of our domestic inter-province barrier effect in 1997 is approximately equal to that of inter-country of European Union market;Secondly,agriculture and service industries are serious than manufacturing industry.The main point of the paper is that the imperfect of domestic trade integration and the serious of local protectionism are occurred in China,and a harmonious trade system to different industries should be established to ensure a harmonious development of the different local economy.