电子商务对企业内部权威分配的影响分析:以中石油、中石化为例

如今“电子商务”不再是一项单纯的技术进步，而更多地意味着企业经营管理模式的升级换代。在电子商务如何影响企业组织方面．目前很少有研究关注电子商务的发展带来的对企业内部权威分配尤其是对集权与分权安排的影响。本文以中国石油和中国石化两个传统行业企业发展电子商务的历程为案例．分析了在电子商务的环境下，企业权威分配将如何发生变化。本文认为，电子商务影响了内部交易成本（信息成本、代理成本等）。特别是带来了内部信息成本的降低，从而使企业的最优权威分配向相对集权方面转变。同时．这种组织结构上的变化将为企业带来规模经济效益、市场力量加强、降低内部竞争、降低监督成本等绩效。

Two Cases: How B to B E-Commerce Impacts the Authority Assignment in Organizations

Whether or not e-commerce will lead to centralization or decentralization? It is a seldom mentioned question in the e-commerce research filed.The article provides two China firms' e-commerce cases(PetroChina Company Limited and China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation) and observes that the degree of centralization has been redesigned more centralization to meet B to B e-commerce conditions in practice.By a Jensen-Meckling-inspired model,the paper explains how the application of e-commerce encourages centralization.We illustrate that e-commerce results in a sharp decline in the costs owing to poor information in organizations,in turn,it leads to the optimal authority assignment moves to more centralized structure.As the further analysis,the paper shows what performances the adjusted more centralized organizations present ex pose,such as the scale economy effect,the stronger bargaining power,the decrease in the monitoring cost and so on.