论市场结构范式的标准与评价体系

出于反对重商主义和垄断的需要,自由经济理论建立了完全竞争范式,并把完全竞争奉为经济学的金科玉律。自从20世纪40年代,熊彼特深刻地批判了完全竞争的缺陷以后,经济理论研究实际陷入了市场结构范式缺失的境地。50年代,舒马赫重谈完全竞争的老调,提出了“小的是美好的”理论。近期有学者根据SCP标准,提出了寡头垄断范式。也有学者希望通过对垄断企业的科学规制,建立完全垄断的市场结构范式。毫无疑问,作为经济学的基础理论,市场结构范式不可或缺。因此,建立一个合理的市场结构范式评价体系刻不容缓。

Analysis on Choice and Evaluation System of Market Structure Optimal Model

For the purpose of anti mercantilism and monopoly, liberal economists have established optimal model of perfect competition was treated as the highest doctrine of economics. Since Schumpeter sharply criticized the defaults of model of perfect competition, economics actually lost its criterion of optimal model of market structure. At 50's of 20 century, Schumacher persistently hold the theory of optimal model of market structure. Recently, economic scholars developed oligarchy monopoly-optimal model according to SCP criterion, while others set up the optimal model of perfect monopoly by his scientific antitrust solutions. Obviously, as the elementary theory of economics, optimal model of market structure can not be omitted in any period. Thus it is necessary to make a comparison among the optimal models, and it is urgent to establish a relatively complete evaluation system.