基于EIS的质子交换膜燃料电池输出性能优化

质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell, PEMFC)输出性能的影响是多方面的，极化曲线仅能反映燃料电池稳态外输出特性，不能充分反映具体影响因素及规律，因此需研究其内部物理参数的动态变化。通过建立电堆内阻和交流阻抗特性模型，利用电化学交流阻抗谱(electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS)分析不同温度和湿度下燃料电池的内阻动态特性。结果表明，在333~353 K温度范围内，随着温度的增加，燃料电池的内阻减小；当温度不变时，相对湿度的增加能减小电堆内阻，燃料电池输出性能增强。最后，基于15kW燃料电池测试平台进行性能试验，验证了燃料电池动态特性分析的正确性，为进一步优化PEMFC输出性能提供理论支持。

Output Performance Optimization of PEMFC Based on EIS

The influence of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) output performance is multifaceted. The polarization curve can only reflect the steady-state external output characteristics of the fuel cell, but can not fully reflect the specific influencing factors and laws. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic changes of its internal physical parameters. The internal resistance and AC impedance characteristic models of the stack were established, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the internal resistance of the fuel cell under different temperatures and humidity. The results show that the internal resistance of fuel cell decreases with the increase of temperature in the temperature range of 333~353 K; When the temperature is constant, the increase of relative humidity can reduce the internal resistance of the stack and enhance the output performance of the fuel cell; Finally, the performance test on the 15kw fuel cell test platform verifies the correctness of the fuel cell dynamic characteristic analysis, and provides theoretical support for further optimizing the output performance of PEMFC.