中国区域工业企业技术创新效率研究：整体创新和阶段创新的视角

从价值链角度出发，运用三个阶段链式关联网络 DEA 模型，选取 2010-2019 年的面板数据，测算中国 30 个省（区）市工业企业技术创新的整体创新效率以及三个阶段的创新效率。研究发现，近十年来我国工业企业在创新的三个阶段产生了协同创新效应，创新效率在提升，但创新效率偏低。基础性创新阶段效率相对较高，整体创新效率和成果转化创新阶段效率都偏低。广东等 9 个省份在三个阶段的创新效率较高，黑龙江等 6 个省份很低，其它省份至少有一个或两个阶段的创新效率较低。通过 Tobit 回归模型分析发现，影响工业企业整体创新效率的因素有 4 个，企业规模等 2 个因素与创新效率正相关，企业所有制结构等 2 个因素负相关。影响基础性创新阶段效率的因素有 5 个，企业研发意愿等 3 个因素与创新效率正相关，政府支持等2 个因素负相关。影响研发性创新阶段效率因素有 5 个，政府支持等 5 个因素全部正相关。影响成果转化创新阶段效率因素有5 个，市场开放程度等 2 个因素正相关，政府支持等 3 个因素负相关。

Research on Technological Innovation Effi ciency of Regional Industrial Enterprises in China: From the Perspective of Overall Innovation and Stage Innovation

From the perspective of value chain,the three-stage chain linked network DEA model is used to select panel data from 2010 to 2019 to calculate the overall innovation effi ciency of technological innovation of industrial enterprises in 30 provinces in China and the innovation effi ciency in three stages.The research fi nds that in the past decade,Chinese industrial enterprises have produced collaborative innovation eff ects in the three stages of innovation,and the innovation effi ciency is improving,but the innovation effi ciency is low.The effi ciency of the basic innovation stage is relatively high,and the overall innovation effi ciency and the effi ciency of the achievement transformation innovation stage are both low.Nine provinces such as Guangdong have high innovation efficiency in three stages,six provinces such as Heilongjiang have low innovation effi ciency,and other provinces have low innovation effi ciency in at least one or two stages.Through Tobit regression model analysis,it is found that there are four factors aff ecting the overall innovation effi ciency of industrial enterprises.Two factors such as enterprise scale are positively related to innovation effi ciency,and two factors such as enterprise ownership structure are negatively related.There are fi ve factors aff ecting the effi ciency of basic innovation stage,three factors such as enterprise R&D willingness are positively related to innovation effi ciency,and two factors such as government support are negatively related.There are fi ve factors aff ecting the effi ciency of R&D innovation stage,and all fi ve factors such as government support are positively related.There are five factors that affect the efficiency of the innovation stage of achievement transformation,two factors such as market openness are positively related,and three factors such as government support are negatively related.