日本推动氢燃料电池汽车产业发展的机制研究

日本在实现经济社会发展全面绿色转型过程中,为突破本国资源匮乏限制的同时发挥其技术优势,高度重视氢燃料电池汽车产业的发展。日本通过中央政府的顶层设计明确氢燃料电池汽车产业战略发展目标,同时修订相关法律法规、推行中央财税激励与技术研发促进政策,引导氢燃料电池汽车产业发展;并通过建立中央与地方、地方政府之间沟通交流机制,地方政府因地制宜出台政策,促进地方氢燃料电池汽车产业能动性发展;再通过企业构建完整产业链促进应用落实,以及高校与科研院所的技术研究与人才培养,实现日本氢燃料电池汽车产业健康有序发展。中日两国氢燃料电池汽车产业在技术、市场、发展模式等领域存在极强的互补性,市场与技术共享、政府治理经验交流学习等方面合作前景广阔。日本氢燃料电池汽车产业发展的经验教训可为中国提供一些有益的启示和借鉴。

The Growth-driving Mechanism for the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Industry in Japan

As its economic and social development transforms towards the green direction,Japan attaches great importance to the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry in order to break through the limitation of resource scarcity while giving full play to its technological advantages.Japan has been guiding the development of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry through central government’s top-level design,the revision of relevant laws and regulations,the implementation of central fiscal incentives,and technology R&D promotion policies.In addition,the establishment of communication mechanisms between the central government and local governments,and the introduction of policies by local governments in accordance with local conditions promote the dynamic development of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry.On top of these,Japan achieves the healthy and orderly development of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry by facilitating the application with a complete industrial chain built by enterprises,and supporting the technical research and personnel training by universities and research institutes.The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industries in China and in Japan are extremely complementary in terms of technology,market and development mode.There is a broad prospect for cooperation and mutual learning in aspects of market,technology and governance experiences.In a word,Japan’s experience in developing its hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry can certainly provide China with some useful lessons and references.