日本制造业数字化转型发展战略

2020年全球蔓延的新冠疫情对日本制造业造成巨大冲击,日本企业传统的管理模式和业务模式均遭受重创,以往建立的高效的全球供应链体系被阻断,传统优势的匠人技术也面临很大风险。在此背景下,日本政府提出必须加强企业灵活应对环境急剧变化的自我变革能力即动态能力,重建一个"高效+经济安全"的韧性供应链体系,而数字技术对增强企业动态能力具有突出的作用,为此,日本政府实施了制造业数字化转型发展战略。针对现实困境,日本政府采取强化工程链的设计力、制造现场活用5G等通信技术和加强数字化人力资源保障三大策略,力图通过制造业数字化转型实现工程链和供应链的无缝连接,搭建全新的生产模式,保持和提升日本制造业的国际竞争力。中国将制造业数字化转型作为"十四五"期间数字经济与实体经济深度融合发展的重中之重,日本对制造业数字化转型的推进可为中国提供借鉴。

Digital Transformation Development Strategy of Japan’s Manufacturing Industry

The global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has had serious impacts on the Japanese manufacturing industry.The traditional management and business modes of Japanese companies have been hit hard.The efficient global supply chain system established in the past has been blocked,and the traditional advantages of craftsman technology are also facing risk.In this context,the Japanese government proposes to strengthen the enterprises’ability that is dynamic capabilities to flexibly respond to rapid environmental changes,and rebuild a resilient supply chain system with efficiency and economic security.Digital technology has a powerful function to enhance dynamic capabilities of enterprises.To this end,the Japanese government has formulated a digital transformation and development strategy of the manufacturing industry.In face of all practical difficulties,the Japanese government has formulated specific strategies to strengthen the design power of engineering chain,use 5 G communication technology in the manufacturing site,and ensure the supply of digital human resources.Japan hopes to realize the seamless connection between the engineering chain and the supply chain through digital transformation of the manufacturing industry,build a brand-new production mode,and maintain as well as enhance the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry.China will make the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry a top priority to promote the in-depth integration of the digital economy and the real economy during the period of the 14 th Five-Year Plan.Japan’s practice of promoting the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry can provide a reference for China.