进口贸易提高了中国制造行业出口技术含量吗?

中国自发达国家进口以中间品和资本品为主,在全球垂直专业化分工中参与程度较深。本文利用出口收入指数方法计算结果显示,2001～2010年中国制造行业的进口收入指数高于出口收入指数,贸易结构表现为进口高技术含量产品、出口低技术含量产品的特征。面板数据计量检验结果表明,中国自发达国家进口显著地促进了中国出口产品的技术水平,而且这一促进作用在高垂直专业化程度行业、高R&D经费支出行业更为明显。我国制造业应着力改善国内的要素条件,加大R&D经费投入,加快物质资本折旧和更新速度,提高国内行业对进口技术溢出的吸收能力。

Do Imports Improve Export Technology Contents in China′s Manufacturing Industry?

China imports more intermediate and capital goods from developed countries,participating deeply in the global vertical specialization.Using export income index,the paper shows that the import income index is higher than the export one in China′s manufacturing industry from 2001 to 2010,and the trade structure characterizes importing high-tech products and exporting low-tech ones.Panel data test shows that imports from developed countries promote significantly the technical level of Chinese exports,and it is far more dramatic in the industries of high vertical specialization and high R&D expenditures.China′s manufacturing industry should focus on improving the factor conditions,increasing R&D inputs,speeding up the depreciation and updating of physical capital,and improving the absorptive capacity of import spillovers.