简政放权、职业选择与人才配置

文章构建的职业选择模型显示,政府简政放权等放松管制的政策在提高体制外职位预期回报的同时,也降低了体制内职位的预期回报,这将促使个体更偏好在体制外部门就业,进而降低体制内部门的就业规模。使用CGSS数据的研究发现,严格的政府管制显著提高了个体进入体制内就业的概率,这在使用不同出生队列样本的回归中均成立,且工具变量方法估计和稳健性检验也得到了与此一致的结论。进一步的研究发现,严格的政府管制显著降低了体制外就业者的收入,只是对体制内就业者收入的影响不显著。以上发现意味着,政府简政放权等放松管制的政策将有助于促进人才在体制内和体制外部门间的优化配置,进而有益于中国经济的技术创新和长期增长。

Government Deregulation,Occupation Choice and the Allocation of Talent in China

According to theoretical expectations, government deregulation may increase the expected return of jobs outside the system units and decrease the within the system unites, thus encouraging individuals to prefer employment outside the system. Based on CGSS data, this paper finds that strict government regulation has, as expected, significantly increased the probability of individual employment within the system units. It is true in regression using different birth cohort samples, and the instrumental variable method estimation and the robustness test also find consistent findings. At the same time, strict government regulation has significantly reduced the income of those employed outside the system units, but has no significant impact on the income of those employed within the system units. Therefore, the policy of government deregulation will help to optimize the allocation of talents within and outside the system units, and thus benefit the technology innovation and long-term growth in China.