“农民职业化”与农村土地制度改革

实现乡村振兴战略,应在继续降低农村人口占比的同时,优化农村人口结构,确保具有符合农村产业兴旺要求的农村人力资源数量和质量。人均耕地严重不足和土地资源错配是农村生产结构、人口结构和社会结构问题的主要原因。我国的土地资源和人口规模决定了农地适度规模经营应以家庭经营为主。职业农民是未来农业生产的主体,也是未来农村居民的主体,是实现乡村振兴最重要的力量。农民与土地分离的矛盾和土地流转制度的弊端阻碍了职业农民的培育。解决职业农民问题,需要推进以农民职业化为导向的农村土地制度改革。

The Peasants' Professionalism and Reform of Rural Land System

To realize the strategy of rural revitalization,we should continue to reduce the proportion of rural population,optimize the structure of rural population,and ensure the quantity and quality of rural human resources that meet the requirements of the prosperity of rural industry.The serious shortage of arable land per capita and misallocation of land resources are the main reasons for the problems of rural production structure,population structure and social structure.The land resources and population scale of our country decide that the appropriate scale management of farmland should be based on family management.Professional farmers are the main body of future agricultural production and rural residents,and the most important force to realize rural revitalization.The contradiction between peasants and land separation and the drawbacks of the land transfer system hinder the cultivation of professional peasants.To solve the problem of professional farmers,we need to promote the reform of rural land system oriented by farmers’professionalization.