破解城市农民工社会保障问题的基本原则及对策建议

城市农民工社会保障存在参保率低，发展不平衡；门槛太高，负担过重，参保意愿不强：制度设计不合理，实际保障效果不理想；重视缴费保险，轻视免费保障等问题。解决城市农民工社会保障问题，要按照统一、渐进、减负、特色、并举原则，以现行制度框架为基础，实行全国统筹，优先发展医疗和工伤保险，加大财政投入，减轻个人负担，逐步推进养老保险，注重发展社会福利、社会救济、社会优抚事业，还原医院的公益性质，降低医药费。

On the Basic Principle and Suggestion of Social Security for Farmer Labours in Cities

There are series of problems concern with the security problems of peasant-workers, which include the low rate of insuring ,the unbalanced development ,the too heavy burden ,the little intention of insuring ,the irrationality of the system ,the dissatisfactory actual effect of insuring and ignoring the free indemnification while attaching great importance to the chargeable insurance. In order to resolve these problems ,we need to adhere to the guilding principles of unification, gradualist ,relief, peculiarity and side-by-side developing ,which should proceed from the frame of living systems. We should plan the national accounts as a whole and have precedence over the development of medical treatment and business insurance. We need to increase the investment, undo the individual burden and gradually advance the endowment assurance. We should pay great attention to develop the social welfare, the social relief and the social preferential enterprise. We should restore the nature of public benefits of hospitals and decrease medical costs.