北京实施免耕及经济补偿问题研究

免耕是保护性耕作的一种措施,能有效地防治地表起沙,具有很好的保水保墒效应。本文通过实地调研、和农民及相关部门访谈,指出北京推广免耕主要存在农机具、粮食产量、农民接受程度、现行管理体制以及免耕技术等方面的问题。要顺利推广免耕措施,还需要大量宣传,提高农民的接受程度,并实施"技术补贴+生态补偿"的经济补偿措施。经济补偿可以按照机具投入2600元/hm2来折算补偿给地方政府,按照秸秆效益4500元/hm2来补偿农户。同时,还应通过建立和完善"农业环境保护补偿基金"和"农业环境保护组织"等,以扩大资金渠道,加强组织管理,保证免耕的可持续实施。

Beijin realizing no tillage and economy compensation problem research

No-tillage is a conservation tillage meas ure,and it could prevent efficiently the land blown sanddust and have soil moisture holding capacity.Based on the investigation of no-tillage implement area and interview with farmer,this paper pointed out the question of no-tillage extension,such as agricultural equipment,grain yield,farmer ＇s acceptance,management system in force and no-tillage technology.No-tillage implement smoothly need energetically propagate in order to improve farmer ＇s acceptance,and take a measure of ＂technology allowance ＋ ecological compensation＂;Local government should be compensated 2600 $/hm2 according to agricultural equipment input,the farmer should be compensated 4500 $/hm2 according to straw benefit;On the same time,＂agriculture environmental protection fund＂ and ＂agriculture environmental protection tissue＂ should be established and perfected in order to open up new sources of funds,tighten up the organizational management,ensure the sustainable implementation of no-tillage.