数字贸易国际规则进展及中国的对策

数字贸易的兴起和发展不仅改变了全球贸易方式,而且对全球贸易规则体系产生重大冲击。目前,数字贸易规则已经严重滞后于数字经济的发展,甚至其内涵和分类都未正式做出规定。主要经济体对于数字贸易国际规则的立场各不相同,美国和欧洲在跨境数字自由流动和个人隐私保护方面存在重大分歧。当然, WTO框架内、CPTTP、TTIP、TISA等谈判使电子商务基本规则方面取得了一些进展,但是核心议题的谈判陷入僵局。我国应当重视数字经济的发展,从理论研究、顶层设计、国内立法和国际谈判等多个方面进行改革以把握制定符合中国利益诉求的规则的主动权。

Development of International Regulations on Digital Trade and China’s Countermeasures

The development of digital trade not only changed the forms of global trade, but also had a major impact on the global rule system. At present, digital trade rules have seriously lagged behind the development of the digital economy, and even their connotations and classifications have not been formally stipulated. Major economies have different positions on the international rules. The United States and Europe have major differences on the free flow of cross-border digital data and the protection of personal privacy. Of course, the negotiations in WTO, CPTPP, TTIP, TISA have achieved some results in basic rules of e-commerce,but the core issues are deadlocked. China should attach importance to the development of the digital economy,and carry out reforms from various aspects such as theoretical research, top-level design, domestic legislation, and international negotiations to grasp the initiative to formulate rules.