A personal adversity model of justifying the costs of entrepreneurial action: The case of oil thieves in the Niger DELTA |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Notre Dame, USA;2. Hanken School of Economics, Finland;3. University of St Gallen, Switzerland;1. University of Cologne, Endowed Chair for Interdisciplinary Management Science, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, Cologne D-50923, Germany;2. University of Wuppertal, Jackstädt Center of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Research, Germany;1. Trier University, Universitätsring 15, 54296 Trier, Germany;2. University of Mannheim, Schloss, 68161 Mannheim, Germany;1. Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, IN, USA;2. College of Business Administration, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32816, FL, USA;3. Krannert School of Management, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;1. Area of Management, Jerry S. Rawls College of Business, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79609, United States of America;2. Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America;3. Sam M. Walton College of Business, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America;4. Department of Management, Wilbur O. and Ann Powers College of Business, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29643, United States of America;5. Department of Management, Robbins School of Business, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, United States of America;1. Narendra Paul Loomba Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, City University of New York, 55 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10010, United States of America;2. Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Frank G. Zarb School of Business, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549-1000, United States of America |
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| Abstract: | While entrepreneurship can generate economic and social benefits, it can also be a source of negative outcomes. We need to gain a deeper understanding of how individual entrepreneurs interpret their context and engage in entrepreneurial action that can generate substantial negative outcomes. In this paper we shed light on the entrepreneurial process at the micro-level by exploring how bunkerers—oil thieves—engage in, justify, and persist with entrepreneurial action that, while generating some benefits for the entrepreneurs and the local community, causes substantial destruction to the local environment, community, and the entrepreneurs' health. By inductively generating a personal adversity model of justifying entrepreneurial action that generates substantial negative outcomes (for the local community and environment), we provide new insights into (1) the link between aspects of entrepreneurship under adversity and substantial costs (and some benefits) experienced by local communities already facing adverse conditions, (2) how entrepreneurs' claim varying levels of agency in the same justification of the same action and its negative consequences, and (3) how entrepreneurs entangle the self and others to justify their actions and its costs. |
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