“一带一路”倡议下投资母国的监管义务与法律对策

随着"一带一路"倡议全面、深入推进,中国企业海外投资进入新时期。然而,"一带一路"沿线国家投资环境复杂,中国企业面临社会责任风险以及沿线国腐败程度较高等新问题。现有国际规则无法有效处理东道国经济发展与这些问题之间的冲突和矛盾,不仅威胁中国企业的经济安全,更影响"一带一路"倡议的顺利实施。实践中,东道国宽松的法律环境、负责任的主权和维护国家形象的需要为母国监管提供了现实基础。因此,中国应以"自我约束"和"规则导向"为前提,在充分借鉴国际经验的基础上强化国内投资法律体系,从企业社会责任和海外反腐败两个方面积极承担投资母国的监管义务,主动规制中国企业的海外投资行为,实现国内法治与国际法治的良性互动。在企业社会责任方面,中国应针对海外投资者企业社会责任问题专项立法,提高中国企业承担社会责任的标准,区分企业性质、承担不同的社会责任标准以及建立社会责任评估体系;在海外反腐败方面,中国应完善惩治海外投资腐败行为的立法并加大执法力度,同时增强"一带一路"沿线国的刑事司法协助以及提高惩治海外投资腐败活动的力度。

Regulatory Obligations and Legal Measures of Investing Home Country in the Belt and Road Initiative

with the comprehensive and in-depth development of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),overseas investment of Chinese enterprises has entered a new era. However,in a more complicate investment environment of the countries along the Belt and Road,Chinese enterprises will suffer from some new problems that come from the risk of social responsibility and corruption.The existing international rules cannot effectively deal with the conflicts and contradictions between the economic development of the host countries and these problems,which will not only threaten the economic safety of Chinese enterprises,but also have negative effect on the implementation of BRI. In practice,the host country’s easy legal environment,responsible sovereignty,and the demand for maintaining national image can provide home supervisor with practical basis. So China should take"selfregulation"and"rules-oriented"as the precondition,and shoulder the investing home country’s responsibility of supervision from such two aspects as corporate social responsibility(CSR) and overseas anti-corruption,positively regulate Chinese enterprises’ overseas investment,and realize the sound interaction between domestic and international law and regulation. In terms of CSR,China should formulate special law,raise the standard,make different types of enterprises to shoulder different kinds of social responsibilities,and establish the evaluation system for that;and in terms of overseas anti-corruption,China should perfect the legislation that is related to the punishment of overseas investment corruption,and enhance related cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road.