制度约束、外商投资与产业结构升级调整——基于省际面板数据的实证研究

本文基于空间经济学,从制度约束的视角对FDI影响产业结构调整的机制进行了系统梳理,并应用1985-2004年省际面板数据,采用双向固定效应模型对FDI与产业结构调整的关系进行了实证检验。结果发现:FDI增加有助于提升第三产业在经济中的比重,降低第二产业比重,总体上有利于产业结构优化升级,并且FDI的产业结构调整效应呈边际递减规律(倒U型走势)。产生这种效应与FDI的资本供给、技术进步、收入漏出效应有关,也与中国金融偏向政策等制度约束有关。政府应继续积极合理有效地引进外资并加强产业引导,同时着力改善制度环境。

Institution Constraint, FDI and Industrial Structure Adjustment: Investigation Based on Chinese Provincial Panel Data

Based on spatial economics,this paper comprehensively analyzes the mechanism of foreign direct investment influencing industrial structure from the angle of institution constraint.Then the paper uses 1985-2004 provincial pan-el data to investigate the relationship between FDI and industrial structure adjust-ment in China.The results show that the increase of FDI helps to increase the proportion of the third industry and decrease the proportion of the second indus-try,thus optimize the industrial structure.And FDI’s industrial structure adjust-ment effect behaves inverse U trend.This is related to FDI’s income-leaking ef-fect,capital supply effect and technology spillover effect.And institution con-straint such as finance discriminating policies of the government and regional mar-ket segmentation is also related.This conclusion has important policy signifi-cance,and the government should actively utilize FDI and stress on improving in-stitution environment.