入世5周年对我国农产品贸易的回顾及国际竞争力变化的研究

本文对入世以后我国农产品贸易、进出口产品结构和进出口市场结构做了系统回顾,同时采用RCA指数和TC指数分析了入世5年来我国农产品比较优势和竞争力的变化,并通过恒定市场分析方法进一步探讨了入世前及入世后5年中出口规模增长的源泉。研究表明,入世后我国农产品的整体竞争力进一步下降,劳动密集型农产品处于竞争优势,而土地密集型农产品处于竞争劣势,深加工农产品的比较优势显著高于鲜活原料型农产品。此外,入世后,我国农产品出口额的增长更加依赖于世界农产品进口总额的增长,农产品竞争力的减弱对出口增长的抑制作用也更加突出,值得注意的是,我国农产品出口市场结构日趋合理,开始对出口增长产生积极的促进作用。

Competitiveness of China's Agricultural Products after Entering WTO

This paper systemically reviews the trade of agricultural products, products structure and market structure in review after China entering WTO, analyzes the changes of comparative advantage and competitiveness of China's agricultural products during these five years after entering into WTO with RCA and TC index, and probes into the source of increase of China's agricultural products export scale before and after entering WTO. The study shows that the competitiveness of China's agricultural products decreased further. The labor-intensive products are of competitive advantage while the land-intensive ones are of competitive disadvantage. The deep processing agricultural products have better comparative advantage than the fresh and live ones. Besides, the increase of China's agricultural products export mainly results from the enlargement of the international import markets, and the weak competitiveness of agricultural products restrained the increase contrarily in the period. Meanwhile we should pay other attention to the positive influence of the rational export market construction.