入世二十年外资零售企业在中国的发展趋势变化：影响因素与经验证据

截至2021年底，中国加入世界贸易组织已满二十年，外资零售企业在中国市场上经历了“先升后降”的发展过程，并出现了退出市场的现象。文章以产业组织理论的基本框架为指导，分阶段对影响外资商业发展水平的因素进行检验。结果表明：中国庞大的潜在市场始终是影响外资商业进入的主要因素；外资零售企业在中国市场上存在一定的区域差异，且区域间的影响因素的作用效果不同；电子商务等零售业创新发展方式的普及对外资商业在中国零售市场上的经营产生了较大的负面影响，外资零售巨头在此轮产业调整中受到了冲击，并开始了经营方式的调整与店面的收缩。

Trends of Foreign-funded Retail Enterprises in China during the 20 Years of WTO Accession: Influencing Factors and Empirical Evidence

By the end of 2021, China has been a World Trade Organization member for twenty years. Foreign-funded businesses have experienced a development process of "rising first and then falling" in the Chinese retail market and the phenomenon of withdrawing from the market has appeared. Guided by the basic framework of industrial organization theory, the paper tests the factors affecting the development level of foreign business by stages. The results show that: the huge potential market in China is always the main factor affecting the entry of foreign businesses; there are certain regional differences among foreign-funded retail enterprises in the Chinese market and the effect of influencing factors between regions is different; the popularization of innovative development methods in the retail industry such as e-commerce has had a relatively negative impact on the operation of foreign-owned businesses in the Chinese retail market and foreign-funded retail giants have been impacted in this round of industrial adjustment and have begun to adjust their business methods and shrink their stores.