制度压力下平台型企业合法性获取演化研究——以滴滴出行为例

合法性资源是平台型企业生存和发展的保障，但现有研究并未对平台型企业成长过程中如何获取合法性、合法性的类型进行系统研究。文章采用案例研究的方法，分析滴滴出行的合法性获取演化过程，探析平台型企业在不同阶段的制度压力约束下如何获取发展所需的不同类型合法性资源。研究发现：平台型企业成长的不同阶段所需要的合法性资源的类型不同，初创期需要认知合法性、震荡期需要规范合法性和稳定期需要规制合法性；制度压力是主导合法性获取与选择的决定因素，平台型企业依托“嵌入制度-顺从制度-构建制度”的路径动态获取各类合法性资源，逐步实现合法化的演化。

Evolution of Legitimacy Acquisition of Platform-based Enterprises under Institutional Pressure——A Case Study of Didi

Legitimacy resources play a vital role in the survival and development of platform-based enterprises. However, in the current literature there is little systematic study on how to obtain legitimacy and what kind of legitimacy to obtain during the growth and development of platform-based enterprises. This study analyzes the growth and development of Didi as a case, and explores how different types of legitimacy resources needed for enterprise development can be obtained at different stages of platform-based enterprises to support their development. The study finds that in the process of growth and development of platform-based enterprises, different types of legitimacy resources are needed at different stages of the enterprise: the initial period requires cognitive legitimacy, and the period of shock stage needs normative legitimacy and regulative legitimacy is required in the period of stability. Institutional pressure is the dominant factor that determines legitimacy acquisition. Platform-based enterprises obtain legitimacy dynamically along the path of “being embedded, compliant and constructive” for the gradual realization of legitimacy.