逆比较优势进口高技术含量中间品与生产技术革新

科学刻画逆比较优势进口高技术含量中间品对生产技术革新的影响效应能为制定科学进口国外中间品和提升生产技术革新速度方面的政策提供有益参考，以剖析上述效应为目标的多维细致检验结果表明：首先，制造型和服务型中间品进口技术含量逆比较优势指数对生产技术革新的影响效应呈现倒U型，进口约2.5倍于自身比较优势水平技术含量的中间品能最大化中间品进口的生产技术革新功能，这一结论在多层面检验中均稳健成立。其次，中国中间品进口技术含量逆比较优势指数处于倒U型顶点的左侧正效应区间。对于动态比较优势持续提升的中国而言，在处理好“卡脖子”风险的基础上，可适度提升中间品进口技术含量，以更好地发挥中间品进口的生产技术革新功能。最后，倒U型效应具有非常强的稳定性，多维外部冲击均无法撼动倒U型效应。为此，倒U型效应可谓协调中间品进口和生产技术革新间关系的“铁律”。

Inverse Comparative Advantage Import of High-tech Intermediate Products and Manufacturing Technological Innovation

Scientifically depicting the impact of the inverse comparative advantage import of high-tech intermediate products on production technology innovation can provide a useful reference for formulating policies on scientifically importing foreign intermediate products and improving the speed of production technology innovation. This paper analyzes this impact in many aspects. The results show: (1)the mechanism of the inverse comparative advantage of imported technical content of manufacturing and service intermediate products on the production technology innovation is inverted U-shaped. Importing intermediate products with about 2.5 times of their own comparative advantage level can maximize the production technology innovation of intermediate product imports. This conclusion is steadily established in the multi-level test. (2)The inverse comparative advantage index of China's intermediate import technology content is in the left positive effect range of the inverted U-shaped peak. For China, whose dynamic comparative advantage continues to improve, on the basis of dealing with the risk of “neck sticking”, we can appropriately improve the technical content of intermediate product import, so as to give better play to the production technology innovation function of intermediate product import. (3)The mechanism of inverted U-shaped is very stable, multi-dimensional external shocks cannot shake the mechanism，and the inverted U-shaped mechanism can be described as the “iron law” for coordinating the relationship between the import of intermediate products and the technological innovation of production.