A theoretical grounding and test of the GEM model |
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Authors: | Jonathan Levie Erkko Autio |
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Institution: | (1) Hunter Centre for Entrepreneurship, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK;(2) Tanaka Business School, Imperial College London, London, UK |
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Abstract: | The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor model combines insights on the allocation of effort into entrepreneurship at the national
(adult working-age population) level with literature in the Austrian tradition. The model suggests that the relationship between
national-level new business activity and the institutional environment, or Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions, is mediated
by opportunity perception and the perception of start-up skills in the population. We provide a theory-grounded examination
of this model and test the effect of one EFC, education and training for entrepreneurship, on the allocation of effort into
new business activity. We find that in high-income countries, opportunity perception mediates fully the relationship between
the level of post-secondary entrepreneurship education and training in a country and its rate of new business activity, including
high-growth expectation new business activity. The mediating effect of skills perception is weaker. This result accords with
the Kirznerian concept of alertness to opportunity stimulating action.
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Keywords: | Entrepreneurial activity Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions |
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