考虑存在平行进口的跨国供应链价格竞争研究

跨境电商以及配套物流网络的快速发展致使平行进口对部分行业产生了巨大影响。通过建立三种市场权力模式下跨国制造商与本地制造商的博弈模型,本文对比分析有无灰色市场的不同模式供应链参与者的定价及利润,探析平行进口对低支付意愿市场的跨国制造商与本地制造商之间寡头竞争的影响。研究发现:市场支付意愿比值低于某一阈值时不会出现平行进口,市场权力模式和灰色市场的存在能影响跨国供应链参与者的收益多寡及定价策略;灰色市场有益于本地制造商和平行进口商,市场处于单一制造商主导模式有助于减少跨国制造商损失、增加本地制造商收益及缩减平行进口商的利润,在制造商共同主导模式下存在一个市场支付意愿比值区间,致使跨国制造商收益增加;平行进口促进还是抑制寡头供应链的价格竞争,取决于市场权力的结构形式。

Research on Price Competition of Transnational Supply Chain Considering Parallel Import

With the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce and supporting logistics network,parallel import has a huge impact on some industries.Through the establishment of three game models of multinational manufacturers and local manufacturers under the market power mode,this paper analyzes the pricing and profit of different supply chain participants with or without gray market,and analyzes the impact of parallel imports on the oligopoly competition between multinational manufacturers and local manufacturers in low willingness to pay market.The results show that:when the market willingness to pay ratio is lower than a certain threshold,there will be no parallel imports,and the existence of market power model and gray market can affect the income and pricing strategy of the participants in the transnational supply chain;the gray market is beneficial to local manufacturers and parallel importers,the single manufacturer leading mode helps to reduce the loss of multinational manufacturers,increase the profit of local manufacturers and reduce the profit of parallel importers,and there is a range of market willingness to pay under the mode of manufacturer co-leading which results in the increase of multinational manufacturers′profit;whether parallel import promotes or suppresses the price competition of oligopoly supply chain depends on the structure of market power.