论国际投资协定中的环境规则及其演进——兼评析中国国际投资协定的变化及立法

为了平衡投资自由化和环境保护间冲突,早期的环境条约意图规范加入投资规则。晚近以来,在国际投资协定中纳入环境规则已经成为新式投资协定发展的重要特色。从国际投资协定纳入环境规则的立法模式看,经历了从投资协定到自由贸易协定的多元化发展;从立法内容看,已经形成从实体规范和程序规范的日趋完善的发展;从规范对象看,意图直接规范跨国公司的倾向已经显露。我国的投资协定在国际背景下也产生了重要的变化,但是无论是国际和国内两个层次上都存在不足,需进一步完善。

The Development of Environment Regulations Under the International Investment Agreements——Analysis of the Legislation and Revolution of the International Investment Agreements in China

In order to balance the freedom of investment and environment protection,some early environment treaties adopt some investment regulations as a part of the treaties.Recently,it is distinguishing feature that some international agreements adopt some environment regulations.The legislative patterns experience from investment agreement to freedom trade agreement.The content of the international in- vestment agreements develop from substantive regulations to procedural regulations and illustrate the trend of imposing rights and obligations directly on multinationals.Under this background,there are some important changes in international investment agreements which China has already concluded with other countries.However,these agreements have some weak points and need to be perfected in every aspect.