WTO新一轮谈判中美国在补贴与反补贴规则修改上的立场和建议

WTO各成员方在2001年11月开始异常艰苦的多哈回合谈判,耗时八年有余,在去年年底举行的小型部长会议上各国表示了在2010年结束此轮谈判的愿望和决心。在过去的八年多,包括美国在内的各成员方就补贴的定义、禁止性补贴、进口替代补贴、出口信贷、严重危害、实质损害的救济、不可诉补贴、补贴通知、自然资源与能源定价,以及发展中成员方特殊和差别待遇等议题和反补贴措施程序方面的一些问题提交了提案,WTO也发布了两个有关的主席案文。由于美国一直以来都是多边补贴与反补贴规则的主导者,并且其在反补贴措施方面的运用也处于世界前列,美国的建议基本上代表了发达国家在WTO《补贴与反补贴协定》(ASCM)修订过程中的立场,在很大程度上也代表了ASCM未来的发展趋势。因此本文就美国在多哈回合谈判中所提出的建议进行梳理,希望对于研究和判断ASCM的未来走向提供一些借鉴。

The US' Position on the Doha Round Negotiation on the Agreement of Subsidy and Countervailing Duty Measures

The WTO members took the hard Doha round negotiation on Nov.2001.In the past 8 years,many members including US submit lots of proposals,involving the definition of subsidy,prohibited subsidy,export credit,serious prejudice,material injury,non-actionable subsidy,notification of subsidy,nature resource and some procedural problems in the countervailing measures.The WTO also circulated two chairman text on this issue.As the U.S.always leads the multilateral subsidy and anti subsidy rules,and it is one of the most user of the countervailing duty measures in the world,it' submission indicates the future of the multilateral rule on some extent.This note collects the US' proposals and hopes to do some help on indicating the future of the multilateral subsidy and countervailing subsidy rule.