产业外移与研发集聚--工资成本上升及其“对冲”效应分析

“中心－外围”说是经济地理与区域经济学的“要核”，经济活动的集聚会推高本地工资水平而出现产业外移的“离心力”。本文研究发现知识外溢和市场潜力可强化本地的产业“向心力”，惠及并吸纳相对倚重知识、信息和市场氛围的研发活动（产业）。这两种力的“对冲”效应及其消长得到了国内相关区域数据的证实，较好地解释了国内外普遍发生的产业外移和研发集聚现象，对我国优化区域产业布局、推动经济转型升级具有重要的战略意义和政策启示。

Industries Relocation and R & D Agglomeration---Wages Rising and Its“Hedging Effects” Analysis

“Core-Periphery” model is the core theory of Economic Geography and Regional Economics .Existing papers have shown that agglomeration of economic activities will bid up local wages , which may result in the dispersion of local com-panies, called “centrifugal forces” .This paper finds that the increase of knowledge spillovers and market potential can strengthen the “centripetal forces” for local companies , and especially important for R&D activities or industries , which rely more on knowledge , information and market atmosphere .Then we use empirical data of different provinces to analyze how these two forces, hedging each other , affect regional R&D agglomeration .The results may be explanatory to industries reloca-tion and R&D agglomeration in many regions .Besides, it is meaningful for policy-makers to optimize regional industries distri-bution and to enhance economic transformation and upgrading .