中国户籍制度：基本价值、异化功能与改革取向

户籍管理本质上属于民事登记和人口动态统计的一部分。新中国的户籍制度以严格限制公民自由迁移和设置城市准入资格为鲜明特征,是政府发展经济和调控社会的政策手段。改革开放以后,户籍制度在限制人口迁移方面有所松动,但户口归属仍然是城市外来人群的隐痛,并成为影响社会分层的隐性力量。新中国的户籍制度一直与社会公共产品的分享体制有紧密的联系。户籍改革与社会公共产品分配是"牵一发而动全身"的关系。户籍改革不可能一蹴而就,而应有相应的远期、中期和近期目标。

China's Household Registration System:Fundamental Values,Function Dissimilation and Reform Orientations

China's household registration is a part of civil registration and vital statistics. However, the household registration system after 1949 has been characterized by rigid restriction of migration and population admittance,thus becoming a means for the government to regulate the economy and the society. The household registration system has been less rigid in terms of migration restriction since the implementation of reform and opening-up, but Hukou has always been a woe of urban migrants, contributing to the formation of urban peasant workers class in China in the process of social transformation, and a hidden force which influences social stratification. China's household registration system has always been closely related with the allocation of social public products. Therefore the reform of the household registration system should be a long-term process, with established long-term, middle-term and short-term goals.