中国百岁老人养老问题研究

利用"中国高龄老人健康长寿"课题1998年调查数据,对中国百岁老人老有所养、病有所医、老有所乐等养老问题进行了初步分析.研究表明,中国百岁老人基本上实现了老有所养、病有所医和老有所乐,家庭在百岁老人养老中占绝对主导地位,是百岁老人经济供养、病时生活照料和精神慰藉的主要承担者,社会所起作用甚微.百岁老人的经济自立状况、医疗需求满足程度及医疗照料资源的可获性因城乡、性别及居住方式而异,并直接影响到其对生活的评价.社会和政府应更多地关注独居百岁老人及靠社会救济的百岁老人.

Social Support of the Centenarians in China

This paper provides a preliminary analysis of the social support of the centenarians in China and the relationships between social support and self-rated health and wellbeing of the centenarians. The data are derived from the 1998 Healthy Longevity in China. Chinese centenarians predominantly rely on families, particularly children and grandchildren for financial support, caregiving and emotional support. Social services play a marginal role. The degree of financial independence and availability of medical treatment and caregiving vary with residence, sex and living arrangements, which directly affects the self-rated health and wellbeing of the centenarians. More attention needs to be paid to the centenarians living alone and to those financially dependent on social relief.