产品质量政府管制的需求分析及管制对策——基于对食品、药品质量问题的分析

总体而言，从宏观层次上看，政府管制需求主要导源于自然垄断性与外部性这两大类问题。以食品、药品为代表的产品质量的政府管制需求与自然垄断性生产并无多大关系，相反，外部性，尤其是负的外部性以及因信息不对称而引发的消费者弱势地位问题，才是引起政府管制需求的关键原因。考虑到食品和药品质量管理的特殊性、重大的社会影响以及我国长期以来在此方面管理工作的现状与问题，在充分借鉴发达国家有益经验的基础上，现阶段我国有必要在相关的法律、法规及制度建设方面作出更多的努力。

Demand Analysis of Government Regulation of Product Quality and Implementation --Discussion Based on Governance of Food and Pharmaey Quality

Generally speaking, the demand of government natural monopolization and exterior. The demand of government regulation originates from two kinds of problems of regulation that regard food and medicines quality as delegate has not much relations with natural monopolization. On the contrary, the exterior, especially negative exterior and the problem of consumer inferior posi mand of government regulation. Considering i tion from message asymmetry is the key reason which leads to the dets particularity, vital social influence and present management situation in our country of quality management of food and medicines, in base of drawing on the profitable experience of developed countries, it is very necessary to try hard in building law, statutes and system.