担保行业风险管理引入外部信用评级的理论研究与实践探索

摘要：融资性担保机构的出现在一定程度上解决了中小企业融资难的问题。融资性担保机构在为中小企业向银行申请贷款做担保时，同样也存在因信息不对称而产生道德风险和逆向选择，致使银行业金融机构面临着一定的信用风险，进而妨碍银保合作关系的建立与维护。因此，如何有效缓解银保之间的信息不对称，是决定融资性担保行业健康发展的重大课题。综合运用市场均衡理论、制度经济学理论、信息经济学和博弈论等相关经济理论，分析融资性担保行业信用风险管理和监管引入外部信用评级的必要性和合理性，结合融资性担保机构外部信用评级的实践，提出解决问题的建议供监管部门参考。

Theoretical Study and Practical Exploration on Introducing External Credit Rating for Guarantee Industry Risk Management

The emergence of financing guarantee institutions helps to solve the difficult problems of SME financing to a certain extent. When the financing guarantee institutions who are guaranteed for small and medium -sized enter- prises apply for loans to banks, there also exist moral hazard and adverse selections caused by asymmetric informa- tion, which makes the banking financial institutions face credit risk, and thus hinders the establishment and mainte- nance between bank and insurance. Therefore, how to effectively alleviate the information asymmetry between bank and insurance is a major issue to determine the healthy development of the financing guarantee industry. By compre- hensively using market equilibrium theory, institutional economics theory, information economics and game theory and other relevant economic theories, the paper analyzes the necessity and rationality of introducing external credit rating for credit risk management ＆ supervision of the financing guarantee industry. In view of the practices of the external credit rating for financing guarantee institutions, it also puts forward the solution to the problems as for a reference to regulatory authorities.