礼貌原则的相对性及引起的语用失误

人们在言语交际中都会遵循一定的语用规则。Leech在1983年提出礼貌原则，并根据英文的习惯把礼貌原则分为六条准则，以便取得言语交际的最佳效果。然而由于中西方文化背景不同，对礼貌的观点也有所差异，导致言语交际中使用的礼貌原则也有所不同。本文分析了中英文交际中礼貌原则的相对性，并通过具体实例，分析跨文化交际中直接迁移所引起的语用失误。

The Relativity of Politeness Principle and Language Application Mistakes

People follow certain rules of language application in speech communication. Leech put forward the principle of politeness in 1893. To achieve the best effect of speech communication, he divided the politeness principle into six maxims according to the customs of English. However, as Westerners and Chinese people have different cultural background and have different views of politeness, they use different polite principles in speech communication. The paper analyzes the relativity of politeness principle. Listing examples, it analyzes the language application mistakes made in direct move in transcultural communication.