中国基本养老保险最优财政支出规模测算——基于柯布-道格拉斯生产函数的一项研究

以内生增长理论为基础，运用巴罗的财政支出自然效率条件和改进的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数分别对中国城镇职工基本养老保险和城乡居民基本养老保险的最优财政支出规模进行测算，发现中国城镇职工基本养老保险和城乡居民基本养老保险的最优财政支出规模分别为2.33%和0.81%，目前两项养老保险的财政支出皆已超过了最优财政支出规模。为缓解养老保险的财政补贴压力，保证养老保险制度的良性运行，建议落实划转国有资本充实全国社会保障基金政策，实施基础养老金全国统筹，激发城镇职工和城乡居民缴费的积极性。

The Estimation of the Optimal Financial Expenditure Scale for China's Basic Old-Age Insurance -A study based on Cobb-Douglas production function

Based on the theory of endogenous growth, using Barrow's natural efficiency of financial expenditure and improved Cobb-Douglas production function, this paper calculates the optimal financial expenditure scale of basic old-age insurance for urban employees and for urban and rural residents in China. It finds that the optimal financial expenditure scale of basic old-age insurance for urban employees is 2.33%, while that for urban and rural residents is 0.81%. At present, the actual financial expenditures of both basic old-age insurance in China exceed the optimal financial expenditure scale. In order to alleviate the pressure of financial subsidies and ensure reasonable operation for basic old-age insurance, it is proposed to put the policy of transferring state-owned capital into National Social Security Fund to practice, implement basic pension national co-ordination and stimulate the enthusiasm of urban workers and urban and rural residents to pay contributions.