要素投入、政策支持、农地制度改革与农业增长——基于黑龙江省和山东省的比较分析

文章以黑龙江省和山东省1978-2012年的数据为样本,构建计量经济模型,实证分析要素投入、政策支持、农地制度改革对农业增长的影响.通过两省份实证结果的比较可以发现：从投入要素角度看,黑龙江省土地、机械动力、用电量对农业增长的影响显著,劳动力、化肥量、灌溉量对农业增长影响不显著,山东省用电量对农业增长影响显著,其他要素影响不显著;从政策支持角度看,黑龙江省农业财政支出和农业贷款对农业增长的影响显著,而山东省只有农业财政支出会带动农业增长;从农地制度改革角度看,土地流转制度在黑龙江省实施的效果明显,在山东省实施的效果不明显,并不是所有地区都适合推广该政策.

Factor Inputs,Policy Support,Agricultural Land System Reform and Agricultural Growth-Based on a Comparative Analysis of Heilongjiang Province and Shandong Province

In this paper, econometric models were built on the agriculture data of Heilongjiang Province and Shandong Province from 1978 to 2012, and the impact on agricultural growth of factor inputs, institutional changes and policy support was empirically analyzed. By the comparison of the result of the empirical analysis, it was found that： from the perspective of factor inputs, in Heilongjiang Province, the impact of land, mechanical power and electricity on agricultural growth is significant, while the impact of labor, fertilizer, irrigation rate is not, but in Shandong Province, only the impact of electricity on agricultural growth is significant, the others have no significant effect∽ from the view of support for agriculture policy, the impact of agricultural expenditure and agricultural loans in Heilongjiang Province on agricultural growth is significant, while in Shandong Province, only agricultural expenditure will drive agricultural growth; from the perspective of agricultural land system reform, in Heilongjiang Province, the effect of land transfer system is obvious, but in Shandong Province, it is not obvious, so this policy is not available in all provinces.