欧盟一体化进程中德国鲁尔区的产业转型绩效分析及其启示

德国鲁尔区是世界上老工业基地成功转型的典范,鲁尔区结构转型之前的特征是:产业结构单一,技术结构传统化,单一垄断性的企业结构,产业的空间结构集中。鲁尔工业区的经济结构的转变经历了再工业化、新型工业化、区域经济一体化、网络化和集群化四个阶段。通过转型取得了显著的成绩:通过培植有竞争力的新兴替代产业拉动了产业结构的转型,解决了由大规模工业衰退带来的难题,使鲁尔区的经济结构由单一的煤钢结构发展成陶瓷加工、机械制造、金属加工等多样化结构,形成了具有特色和影响的信息与通讯、纳米材料、医学技术及新能源、新材料和旅游等有爆发力的新产业体系。德国鲁尔区的转型对中国老工业基地的振兴具有重要的启示。

On the Industry Change Achievement Analysis and Enlightenment of Ruhr Region German in Course of EU Integration

Ruhr Region German is the model of old industry transformation in the world.The region industry had a singpe industry structure,traditional technology,monoply business structure and centralization industry.It went trrough four phases of re-industrialization,new industrialization,economic integration,network and cluster.It solved the problem of industry recession by developing new industries such as information and communication industry,new energy and materials,medical technology,tour industry and so on.Chinese old industry basis should get the enlightenment from the old industry change of German.