论美国"公共新闻运动"

20世纪最后10年,美国开展了声势浩大的"公共新闻"运动。尽管它至今没有形成确定的概念与清晰的理论框架,但围绕"为人民"这一理念,力图挽救日益堕落的公共生活以及媒体与公众之间的联系,从各个方面做出了努力和尝试,学术界和实业界共同推动了"美国新闻史上最有组织的内部社会运动"。但这一运动也有不可避免的局限性,无法摆脱媒体专业主义、企业形态、合作分工的影响,无法真正实现公众为表达自己的声音而要求的近用权,势必被更为民主的"市民新闻"所替代。

Studies on American "Public Journalism Movement"

In the last decade of 20th century,the Public Journalism Movement was roaring throughout the US.Although the movement has not formed its definite concept and clear theory structure,it had developed into "the most systematical movement inside society in the history of American journalism",through insisting on the ideal "for the people" and endeavoring to save the decaying public life and connections between media and citizens with all the ways and efforts both from academia and industry.However,this movement has its inevitable weaknesses for not being able to avoid influences from media professionalism,enterprise pattern and cooperation working and to realize accessing right which citizens ask for their own voices,and it will be replaced with Citizen Journalism which is a much more democratic pattern.