菱角壳的化学成分和药理活性研究进展

近年来对菱角壳的研究主要分为化学成分和药理活性研究两个方面,其中化学成分方面的研究可以概括为生物碱、酚酸类、萜类和甾体、多糖类、黄酮类5个方面;药理活性方面的研究可以概括为抗癌活性、抗氧化活性、降低α-葡萄糖苷酶活性、保肝护肝活性、抗菌活性5个方面。目前在化学成分方面的研究较弱,从研究结果来看,没食子酸及其衍生物是菱角壳的主要药用成分。最后就菱角壳的开发利用提出了几点建议。

Review on the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Study of Trapa Shell

In recent years,the research on Trapa shell is divided into two aspects,namely the research of chemical constituents and the research of pharmacological effect.The former one could be summarized in five categories as alkaloids,phenolic acids,terpenes and steroids,polysaccharide,and flavonoid,while the latter could be summarized in five categories as antitumor activity,antioxidant activity,reducing alpha glucosidase activity,hepatoprotective activity,and antibacterial activity.At present,the research in chemical composition is weak,and from the research results,gallic acid and its derivatives are the main medicinal components of the Trapa shell.Finally some suggestions are put forward for the exploitation and utilization of the Trapa shell.