我国自然资源物权化的二元立法模式选择

我国《物权法》对于自然资源物权化采用了用益物权模式，但由于民法上的用益物权仅可设立于对物的非消耗性利用之情形，将对自然资源的消耗性利用也涵盖进来，导致了法理逻辑上的自相矛盾和对现实生活的严重扭曲。至于学界提出的占有权模式和准物权模式，则亦均因其固有的弊病而无以胜任。立足于我国物权法立法体系，唯用益物权制度和所有权制度可堪采用于自然资源物权化，故应考虑建构自然资源物权化的二元立法模式，在尊重自然资源原始公有的前提下，以非消耗性利用和消耗性利用之划分为基础，以私法中的债为原因，分别为其他私法主体设立用益物权和所有权，从而实现自然资源物权化。

The Choice of Dual Legislative Modes of the Transformation of Natural Resources Utilization Right in China

The Law of Property Right of China adopts the mode of usufruct right for the transformation of natural resources utilization right, but the usufruct right in civil law which is established only in the circumstance of the non-expendable use incorporates the expendable use of natural resources, leading to the contradiction in legal logic and the serious distortion of the real life. As for the modes of possession right and quasi-real right put forward by aca- demic scholars, neither of them is compatible with the transformation of natural resources u- tilization right because of their immanent disadvantages. Based on the legislative system of the law of property right in China, only the systems of usufruct right and ownership can be applied to the transformation of natural resources utilization right, so the dual legislative mode of the transformation of natural resources utilization right shall be taken into account, that is to say out of respect for the originally public natural resources and on the basis of the division of use between non-expendable and expendable uses, other objects of private law based on the debt in private law should be granted with usufruct right and ownership, there- by realizing the transformation of natural resources utilization right.