囚徒困境、沉默权与人际合作秩序的扩展

运用法与经济学的研究方法对囚徒困境模型进行分析,认为囚徒困境所虚构的"经济人"之间的非合作博弈损害了人与人之间的信用合作关系,破坏了基于个人理性行为而型构的社会秩序。囚徒困境赖以成立的其中一个隐含前提是沉默权,沉默权的缺席使个体在强大司法压力之下丧失了选择的自由。因之,建立并完善沉默权权利机制,不仅是司法改革和法制现代化的要求,也是扩展个人信用空间、降低社会交易成本和实行人际合作的重要举措。

Prisoner Dilemma, the Right of Silence and the Extendibility of Cooperation Order between Individuals

Making use of the study method of law and economics,the paper makes a rounded and detailed analysis of the prisoner dilemma model.It assumes that the non-cooperation game between "economic persons" in the prisoner dilemma model damages the credit relationship between individuals and destroys the social order established based on individual rational behaviors.It indicates that the right of silence is one of the connotative premises for the establishment of the prisoner dilemma model,and the absence of the right of silence causes individuals to lose the freedom of choice in the formidable pressure of justice.Therefore,establishing and perfecting the mechanism of the right of silence is not only the request for justice reformation and legal system modernization,but also the important measure for extending individual credit space,decreasing social transaction cost and conducting cooperation between individuals.