英国铁路经营管理状况探析

铁路是国民经济大动脉,在我国综合交通运输体系中居于骨干地位。"十四五"时期,为继续深化我国铁路市场化改革,在交通强国建设中当好先行,推动新时代铁路高质量发展,有必要对国外铁路市场化改革和经营管理状况进行研究和探讨。通过分析英国铁路市场化改革后的行业结构、主要资金来源和经营状况,阐述路网公司、客运公司、货运公司等不同类型铁路企业的经营状况,总结得出重视铁路基础设施的投资、补贴不同类型的铁路企业、制定鼓励铁路运输的政策法规和平衡路网企业与运输企业利益等启示,为我国铁路市场化改革提供有益借鉴。

Study on the Operation Management of British Railway

Railway is the main artery of the national economy, serving as a backbone in China integrated transportation system. During the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period, in order to deepen the market reform of China railway, take the lead in building a strong transportation country, and promote the high-quality development of railway in the new era, it is necessary to research on the market reform and operation management foreign railway. The organizational structure, main sources of funds, current status of operation and management of the British railway after the marketoriented reform were introduced. The operating conditions of different types of railway companies such as network companies, passenger transport companies, and freight companies were analyzed. The research results provide a useful reference for the market reform of China railway through emphasizing on investing in railway infrastructure, subsidizing different types of railway enterprises, and formulating related policies and regulations to promote railway transportation and balance the interests between network enterprises and transportation enterprises.