初次分配扭曲、财政支出城市偏向与城乡收入差距——来自中国省级面板数据的经验证据

本文在理论分析的基础上,利用中国的省级面板数据和差分广义矩、系统广义矩的方法实证分析了初次分配扭曲、城市偏向的财政再分配政策对城乡收入差距的影响。研究表明,初次分配中劳动报酬比重的下降、城市偏向的财政再分配政策是导致我国城乡收入差距扩大的重要原因。应该通过提高初次分配中劳动者报酬比重,扭转科教文卫、福利保障支出的城市偏向来缩小城乡收入差距。

The Distortion of Primary Income Distribution,Urban-Biased Fiscal Expenditure Policy and Urban-Rural Inequality

This paper firstly analyzes the evolvement of primary income distribution and urban-biased policy in our country.We then explain how the distortion of primary income distribution and urban-biased fiscal expenditure policy influence the urban-rural inequality.We also do the positive analysis using the provincial panel data.We use the difference and system GMM estimator in the positive analysis to correct the endogenous of some variables.Both of the normative analysis and positive analysis show that the distortion of primary income distribution and urban-biased fiscal expenditure policy enlarge the urban-rural inequality significantly.We should improve the primary income distribution condition and change the urban-biased fiscal expenditure policy to shorten the urban-rural inequality.