农村人口老龄化对收入不平等影响的实证研究

利用1989年-2011年的农户微观家计调查数据，采用方差分解和回归分解相结合的方法，考察农村人口老龄化对收入不平等的影响。研究发现农村收入不平等的总体变化主要是由组间效应所引起，即不同出生组之间不平等程度的加剧是收入不平等的主因；无论采用方差分解法还是采用回归分解法得到的研究结论表明，农村人口老龄化的确加剧了收入不平等，其影响程度相对较小，但从时间变化趋势来看，人口老龄化效应有增强之势。

Does Aging Population Aggravate Income Inequality

Using 1989-2011 rural household survey data, we apply the methods of variance decomposition and regression-based decomposition to investigate the effect of aging population on income inequality in rural China. We find that income inequality in rural China is mainly caused by cohort effect. Inequality among different birth cohort is the main reason of income inequality. The results of both the method of variance decomposition and the method of regression-based decomposition show that aging population indeed aggravated income inequality in rural China, and its influence is relatively small. But from the time trend, the effect of aging population on income inequality is increasing.