从单一到多元 从制造到服务——鲁尔转型之路

作为曾经的世界城市,通过几十年的努力,鲁尔区成功实现了产业结构从单一到多元,从制造到服务的转型,从煤炭及钢铁制造中心转变为以传统工业为基础,高新技术产业为龙头,产业协调发展的多元化综合经济区。在转型过程中鲁尔区先后采用了再工业化和新工业化的产业结构调整战略,结合自身基础,采取了合理选择新的主导产业、体制创新等一系列措施。虽然鲁尔区在政府和体制环境等方面与中国的城市存在着许多差异,但其转型经验对中国城市的发展特别是老工业基地的改造和升级具有一定的借鉴和指导意义。

From Single to Diverse Structure and from Manufacturing toServices:the Transformation Process of Ruhr

Ruhr used to be a world-known city and was the center of coal and steel manufacturing.After decades of efforts,the Ruhr old industrial park of Germany successfully changed from single industrial structure to diverse industrial structure,realizing the transformation from manufacturing to services.Its economic foundation has changed from traditional industries to diverse comprehensive economic zone with the hi-tech industries as the cock.In the process of transformation,on the basis of its economic foundation,Ruhr adopted the strategies of re-industrialization and new-industrialization consecutively,taking series of measures like selecting new leading-industry,system innovation etc.Though there are many differences between Ruhr and Chinese cities on aspects like government and system environments etc,Ruhr′s transformation experiences are great significance to the development of Chinese cities,especially to the transformation and upgrading of old industrial bases.