从台湾农村空间的发展看农村都计区的成败

在1970年代后的工业化快速增长时期,台湾的农村都市计划区被规划为农村的经济中心、公共服务与社区中心,同时进行农村空间与土地利用的管制。从台湾农村空间的实际发展分析农村都计区的成败,认为:台湾的都计区实际上是农村基层开发与经济全球化的空间策略,它确实刺激了农村工商业发展;但因处于全球分工末端,农村又必然存在建设用地蔓延、土地资源耗竭、环境严重污染与公共设施难以实现等诸多问题。在产业外移导致农村全面衰败之后,台湾开始反思外向型的、自上而下的农村经济全球化发展,并积极探索"自下而上"的社区整体营造。作者认为大陆农村应吸取台湾农村在发展过程中的经验教训,也应选择自下而上的发展方式。

Lessons of Rural UPD from a Perspective of Rural SpaceDevelopment in Taiwan

In the rapid industrialization after 1970s,Rural Urban Planning District(UPD) in Taiwan villages is planned as the economic center,public service and community center,along with regulation of rural space and land use.The essay analyses the results of rural UPD in Taiwan villages from a practical aspect,and finds out that Taiwan UPD is in fact a spatial strategy for basic rural development and economical globalization,which actually promotes industrial and commercial development in the villages.However,due to its terminal position in the globalization spectrum,problems such as land sprawling and exhaustion,heavy pollution and insufficient public service are inevitable.After the total decline following the industrial exodus from the villages,reflections upon an extravert,top-down economical development for rural globalization begins,and the possibility of a Bottom-up integrated community building enthusiastically explored.The author suggests that mainland China learn the lessons of Taiwan rural development,and choose the bottom-up way of development.