政府补助影响因素的行业和企业特征

本文利用2006年至2008年上市公司中政府补助的数据，经验性地验证了政府补助范围、金额和种类的变化状况；政府补助与否的行业特征以及补助强度大小的行业特征；接受补助公司与没有接受补助公司在企业特征方面的差异。结果发现：科研创新补助和荣誉相关补助的公司从2006年到2008年增加了一倍以上，但与生产相关的补助金额却最多，上升幅度也最快。分行业接受补助公司的数量比例与按照补助强度划分的行业结果完全不同，社会服务业、电力、煤气及水的生产和供应业、房地产业是补助强度最大的三个行业。企业特征中，盈利能力、成长性、偿债能力、人工效率等对企业能否接受补助没有显著影响，而分别以资产总额、主营业务收入、员工人数来衡量的规模则是企业能否接受补助的显著因素。该文的结论对我国今后的政府补助具有一定的政策意义。

Characteristics of Industries and Firms Affected by Government Subsidies

Based on data from 2006 to 2008 about publicly traded company＇s government subsidies, the paper em pirically demonstrates how granted coverage, amount and types has been changed, what are industry and firm features for granted enterprise comparing with non granted enterprise and how firm can get more subsidies. The results show that companies of R＆D, innovation and honor related subsidies are increased by over 100%, while amount in production related subsidies is the most among all subsidies types and increased fast . Different industries gets different subsidies company, while subsidies intensive are also different in dif ferent industries. Among 20 industries, public service industry, power, gas and water supply industry, and real estate industry get most subsidies. Furthermore, profitability, growth, liquidity, employee efficiency are not significant for a company to get government subsidies but size including using asset, sale and employee to measure are all significant factors. Our result imply certain policy suggestion.