火电厂冷却塔存在的问题及优化设计

冷却塔是火电厂从事电力生产的重要设施,它是利用水与空气流动接触后进行冷热交换产生蒸汽,蒸汽挥发带走热量达到蒸发散热、对流传热和辐射传热等目的,从而散去工业上或制冷空调中产生的余热,降低水温的蒸发散热装置,以保证系统的正常运行。冷却塔主要由填料、配水系统、通风设备、空气分配装置、挡水器、集水槽等部分构成。文章分析了当前冷却塔存在的不足与需要解决的问题,并从节能器、监控器和控制器3个方面探讨了如何进行冷却塔风机的节能及安全控制问题,以期对后续研究有所帮助。

The problems of the cooling tower in power plants and optimization design

Cooling tower is an important facility of the power production in power plants.It is an evaporative heat dissipating device that produces steam through the cold-heat exchange after the flow contact between water and air,then the steam takes away heat through volatilization to achieve the purpose of evaporative heat loss,convective heat transfer and radiation heat transfer,so as to disperse the waster heat generated in the industry or refrigeration and air-conditioning of the system.It mainly constitute by filler,water distribution system ventilation equipment,air distribution equipment,water defector,catchment water channel and other parts.This paper analyzes the deficiency existed in current cooling tower and the problems need to be solved,and discusses how to treat with the problems of energy-saving and safety control of the cooling tower from the three respects of energy saver,monitor and controller,hopes which is helpful to the follow-up study.